Diagnosis of protozoal and arthropod-borne diseases
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fDiagnosis of protozoal and arthropod-borne diseases

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Chapter
- Authors: Laia Solano-Gallego and Gad Baneth
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Clinical Pathology
- Item: Chapter 29, pp 549 - 566
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443255.29
- Copyright: © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: March 2016
Abstract
Protozoal and arthropod-borne infections cause important diseases in dogs and cats. Some diseases, particularly arthropod-borne, are endemic to some areas because they are transmitted by vectors restricted by geographical boundaries. However, these diseases are frequently also presented in non-endemic areas as a result of the travel and importation of animals. In addition, some of these diseases are zoonotic and, therefore, of public health concern. This chapter looks at general laboratory diagnosis of protozoal and arthropod-borne diseases and diagnostic tests for specific disease. Case examples are included.
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Figures
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29.2
Immunohistochemical labelling of Leishmania infantum in a skin section from a dog with leishmaniosis. Note the Leishmania amastigotes stained brown within the cytoplasm of macrophages (arrowed). (Original magnification X200). (Courtesy of Laura Ordeix, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.2
Immunohistochemical labelling of Leishmania infantum in a skin section from a dog with leishmaniosis. Note the Leishmania amastigotes stained brown within the cytoplasm of macrophages (arrowed). (Original magnification X200). (Courtesy of Laura Ordeix, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain)
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29.3
Blood smear from a dog showing Babesia canis in three erythrocytes (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X400). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.3
Blood smear from a dog showing Babesia canis in three erythrocytes (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X400). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy)
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29.4
Blood smear from a dog showing Ehrlichia canis morula in a monocyte (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.4
Blood smear from a dog showing Ehrlichia canis morula in a monocyte (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000)
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29.5
Blood smear from a cat showing Mycoplasma haemofelis on the surface of erythrocytes. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X200). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.5
Blood smear from a cat showing Mycoplasma haemofelis on the surface of erythrocytes. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X200). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy)
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29.7
Blood smear from a dog showing Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a neutrophil (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.7
Blood smear from a dog showing Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a neutrophil (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy)
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29.8
Blood smear from a dog showing Anaplasma platys in a platelet (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.8
Blood smear from a dog showing Anaplasma platys in a platelet (arrowed). (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000)
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29.9
Microfilaria of Dirofilaria immitis in canine blood. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X400) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.9
Microfilaria of Dirofilaria immitis in canine blood. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X400)
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29.10
Bone marrow smear from a dog showing Leishmania amastigotes within a macrophage. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.10
Bone marrow smear from a dog showing Leishmania amastigotes within a macrophage. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, San Marco Veterinary Laboratory, Padua, Italy)
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29.11
A dog with leishmaniosis manifesting typical facial exfoliative dermatitis. © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.11
A dog with leishmaniosis manifesting typical facial exfoliative dermatitis.
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29.12
Feline blood smear; note the small-form piroplasms within the erythrocytes (Cytauxzoon spp., arrowed). (Modified Wright’s stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Carli, Caldin and Furlanello, Veterinary San Marco Laboratory, Padua, Italy) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.12
Feline blood smear; note the small-form piroplasms within the erythrocytes (Cytauxzoon spp., arrowed). (Modified Wright’s stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Carli, Caldin and Furlanello, Veterinary San Marco Laboratory, Padua, Italy)
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29.13
Canine blood smear; note gamont of Hepatozoon canis within a neutrophil in the feathered edge. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.13
Canine blood smear; note gamont of Hepatozoon canis within a neutrophil in the feathered edge. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000)
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29.14
Feline blood smear; note gamont of Hepatozoon felis within a neutrophil. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.14
Feline blood smear; note gamont of Hepatozoon felis within a neutrophil. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000)
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29.15
Bone marrow smear showing Toxoplasma tachyzoites. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, Veterinary lSan Marco Laboratory, Padua, Italy) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.15
Bone marrow smear showing Toxoplasma tachyzoites. (Giemsa stain; original magnification X1000). (Courtesy of Drs Caldin and Furlanello, Veterinary lSan Marco Laboratory, Padua, Italy)
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29.16
Cutaneous lesions in a 4-year-old mixed breed dog. © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.16
Cutaneous lesions in a 4-year-old mixed breed dog.
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29.17(a–b)
Cytology of the fine-needle aspirate from the right popliteal lymph node. (Diff-Quik® stain; original magnification (a) X20, (b) X40). (Courtesy of Antonio Melendez, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.17(a–b)
Cytology of the fine-needle aspirate from the right popliteal lymph node. (Diff-Quik® stain; original magnification (a) X20, (b) X40). (Courtesy of Antonio Melendez, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain)
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29.18
Histopathological appearance of bone marrow. (Haematoxylin and eosin stain; original magnification X40) © 2016 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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29.18
Histopathological appearance of bone marrow. (Haematoxylin and eosin stain; original magnification X40)
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