Pleural drainage techniques

Victoria Lipscomb; David E. Holt; Lori S. Waddell

doi:10.22233/9781910443347.12

British Small Animal Veterinary Association , 157 (2018); https://doi.org/10.22233/9781910443347.12

/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12

Pleural drainage techniques

GBP

BSAVA Library Pass Buy a pass

Authors: Victoria Lipscomb, David E. Holt and Lori S. Waddell
From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Head, Neck and Thoracic Surgery
Item: Chapter 12, pp 157 - 173
DOI: 10.22233/9781910443347.12
Copyright: © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Publication Date: October 2018

Abstract

This chapter covers anatomy and physiology, pleural drainage techniques, and clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of a range of diseases involving the partial and visceral pleura and pleural cavity. Operative Techniques: Needle thoracocentesis; Small-bore wire-guided chest drain placement in a closed chest; Chest drain placement in an open chest.

Preview this chapter:

Full text loading...

/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12

Figures

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_1

12.1

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_1_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_1.png

12.1 Three-chamber underwater seal system.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_2

12.2

Pneumothorax in a dog. This lateral radiograph demonstrates elevation of the heart from the sternum. The lungs are retracted away from the thoracic wall and partially collapsed. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_2_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_2.png

12.2 Pneumothorax in a dog. This lateral radiograph demonstrates elevation of the heart from the sternum. The lungs are retracted away from the thoracic wall and partially collapsed.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_3

12.3

Unilateral left tension pneumothorax in a dog. This transverse computed tomographic image demonstrates a large volume of air in the left pleural cavity causing almost complete collapse of the left lung lobes, a right mediastinal shift and caudal displacement of the diaphragm: 1.5 litres of air was subsequently drained by thoracocentesis from the left pleural cavity. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_3_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_3.png

12.3 Unilateral left tension pneumothorax in a dog. This transverse computed tomographic image demonstrates a large volume of air in the left pleural cavity causing almost complete collapse of the left lung lobes, a right mediastinal shift and caudal displacement of the diaphragm: 1.5 litres of air was subsequently drained by thoracocentesis from the left pleural cavity.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_4

12.4

Pleural effusion in a cat. This lateral radiograph demonstrates outlining of the ventral lung borders by fluid. The cardiac silhouette is also partially obscured. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_4_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_4.png

12.4 Pleural effusion in a cat. This lateral radiograph demonstrates outlining of the ventral lung borders by fluid. The cardiac silhouette is also partially obscured.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_6

12.6

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_6_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_6.png

12.6 Unilateral pyothorax in a cat, shown on a ventrodorsal radiograph.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_7

12.7

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_7_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_7.png

12.7 Pleural effusion from a cat with pyothorax. Note the degenerative neutrophils, and intra- and extracellular bacteria.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_8

12.8

Lateral (a) radiograph and (b) sagittal computed tomographic image and (c) dorsoventral radiograph of a cat with a penetrating foreign body in the distal oesophagus removed via a right 10th intercostal thoracotomy. (d) The preoperative imaging was critical in determining the tract of the foreign body and therefore whether a lateral thoracotomy approach would be preferable to a median sternotomy. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_8_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_8.png

12.8 Lateral (a) radiograph and (b) sagittal computed tomographic image and (c) dorsoventral radiograph of a cat with a penetrating foreign body in the distal oesophagus removed via a right 10th intercostal thoracotomy. (d) The preoperative imaging was critical in determining the tract of the foreign body and therefore whether a lateral thoracotomy approach would be preferable to a median sternotomy.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.fig12_9

12.9

(a) Lateral and (b) dorsoventral radiographs of a cat with chronic chylothorax. Note the small rounded radiodense lung lobes visible on each view. This appearance is due to chronic fibrosis of the visceral pleura secondary to chylothorax. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_9_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/fig12_9.png

12.9 (a) Lateral and (b) dorsoventral radiographs of a cat with chronic chylothorax. Note the small rounded radiodense lung lobes visible on each view. This appearance is due to chronic fibrosis of the visceral pleura secondary to chylothorax.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.ch12unfig1

Thoracocentesis equipment. If an over-the-needle catheter is used instead of a butterfly cannula, a separate extension tube is also required.

10.22233/9781910443347/pg178_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/pg178.png

Thoracocentesis equipment. If an over-the-needle catheter is used instead of a butterfly cannula, a separate extension tube is also required. Thoracocentesis equipment. If an over-the-needle catheter is used instead of a butterfly cannula, a separate extension tube is also required.

/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443347.chap12.ch12unfig2

Untitled

10.22233/9781910443347/pg179_1_thumb.gif

10.22233/9781910443347/pg179_1.png