Ocular disorders

Brent. R Whitaker

doi:10.22233/9781910443538.18

Ocular disorders

British Small Animal Veterinary Association , 147 (2001); https://doi.org/10.22233/9781910443538.18

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Ocular disorders

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Author: Brent. R Whitaker
From: BSAVA Manual of Ornamental Fish
Item: Chapter 18, pp 147 - 154
DOI: 10.22233/9781910443538.18
Copyright: © 2001 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Publication Date: January 2001

Abstract

THIS MANUAL HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM SALE. IT REMAINS AVAILABLE TO THOSE WHO HAVE ALREADY PURCHASED ACCESS. INDIVIDUAL CHAPTERS MAY STILL BE PURCHASED

Ocular disorders are commonly observed in both elasmobranch and teleost fishes. Even the novice fish hobbyist will readily discern a discoloured, cloudy, ulcerated or disproportionate eye. This chapter considers anatomy, investigations, systemic approach and causative agents.

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Figures

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Figure 18.1

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Figure 18.1 General anatomy of the teleost eye. (© Helen MacFarlane, Johns Hopkins Art as Applied to Medicine.)

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Figure 18.3

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Figure 18.3 The bubble-eye variety of fancy goldfish has very bulbous eyes due to fluid in the periorbital area. (© W.H. Wildgoose.)

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Figure 18.4

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Figure 18.4 The fundus is best examined using indirect ophthalmoscopy. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.5

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Figure 18.5 Severe corneal ulceration is often seen without the aid of special stains. This cornea is opaque due to oedema. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.6

Exophthalmos and a severe corneal ulcer are being treated with ophthalmic gentamicin sulphate in this squirrelfish. The fluorescent green coloration of the cornea is due to retention of fluorescein dye. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.) © 2001 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Figure 18.6 Exophthalmos and a severe corneal ulcer are being treated with ophthalmic gentamicin sulphate in this squirrelfish. The fluorescent green coloration of the cornea is due to retention of fluorescein dye. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.7

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Figure 18.7 Hypermature cataract in a red-eyed guarti. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.8

A fish lens affected by a cataract is extremely hard and must be removed completely, as seen in this squirrelfish. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.) © 2001 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Figure 18.8 A fish lens affected by a cataract is extremely hard and must be removed completely, as seen in this squirrelfish. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.9

A guarti 3 weeks after removal of the lens. A small amount of corneal opacity remains at the site of the incision. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.) © 2001 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Figure 18.9 A guarti 3 weeks after removal of the lens. A small amount of corneal opacity remains at the site of the incision. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.10

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Figure 18.10 Uveitis in a squirrelfish. Hyphaema and gas are also present within the eye. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.11

Bilateral exophthalmos in a freshwater angelfish with systemic infection. Unilateral exophthalmos is often suggestive of localized disease. (© Brent Whitaker) © 2001 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Figure 18.11 Bilateral exophthalmos in a freshwater angelfish with systemic infection. Unilateral exophthalmos is often suggestive of localized disease. (© Brent Whitaker)

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Figure 18.12

Periorbital gas is easily visible in this mummichog. The condition is caused by supersaturation of the water with air. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.) © 2001 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Figure 18.12 Periorbital gas is easily visible in this mummichog. The condition is caused by supersaturation of the water with air. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)

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Figure 18.13

Panophthalmitis secondary to the rupture of a corneal ulcer and subsequent infection with opportunistic bacteria in a blue angelfish. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.) © 2001 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Figure 18.13 Panophthalmitis secondary to the rupture of a corneal ulcer and subsequent infection with opportunistic bacteria in a blue angelfish. (© National Aquarium in Baltimore.)