Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS), a severe inflammatory oral disease of cats, is characterised by immune-mediated oral inflammation affecting the caudal oral mucosa as well as the gingival mucosa. In the past 10 years, several key studies paved the road towards better understanding of the etiopathogenesis of FCGS and improving treatment options. This lecture focuses on recent discoveries and current understandings in both etiopathogenesis and therapeutic options including stem cell therapy and immune modulation. Moreover, with the emerging field of regenerative medicine, this lecture informs practitioners on the practicability of stem cell therapy for FCGS. Finally, a path from current discoveries towards clinical applications is discussed.