There are several options for contraception of female dogs and there are strong opinions relating to which method is optimal. Over recent decades, new evidence has emerged about the health risks of removing gonads and the optimal age or pubertal status that this might best be performed. There has also been increased discussion about the risk of iatrogenic pseudopregnancy and whether bitches with pseudopregnancy can safely be sterilised. More information has become available about long-duration contraceptive agents and this further complicates the options that are available to veterinary practitioners.

This session will explore these topics using basic endocrinological concepts and recent studies to provide a foundation for clinical decision-making in individual animals.