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Radiographic examination remains a critical tool for diagnosis of diseases of the canine and feline lower urinary tract. Although ultrasonographic investigation is also very valuable, especially for examination of the baldder, the urethra is largely inaccessible using this modality. Radiographic examination of the urethra is a key diagnostic method, notably in male dogs and cats because of the technical difficulties of examining the urethra endoscopically in this sex. Normal radiographic anatomy; Plain radiography; Contrast radiography; Ultrasonography; Overview of additional imaging modalities; Urinary bladder diseases; Urethral diseases are all included.
The bladder and urethra, Page 1 of 1
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