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The male reproductive system
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781905319718.chap19
The male reproductive system
- Author: Margaret Costello
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Abdominal Imaging
- Item: Chapter 19, pp 237 - 245
- DOI: 10.22233/9781905319718.19
- Copyright: © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: March 2009
Abstract
The normal prostate gland in the dog is centred at the bladder neck and proximal urethra, and completely encircles the urethra. In the cat, there is a long portion of preprostatic urethra between the bladder neck and the prostate gland, and the gland is very small and does not completely encircle the urethra ventrally. The normal prostate gland is a bilobed structure with a dorsal groove and internal septum dividing the gland into left and right lobes, which are further subdivided into lobules by septae. The prostate gland is rounded ventrally and more flattened dorsally. This chapter deals with the Prostate gland; Testes and scrotum; and Penis.
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Figures
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19.1
Sagittal ultrasonograms of (a) a normal prostate gland and (b) a prostate gland in a neutered dog. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.1
Sagittal ultrasonograms of (a) a normal prostate gland and (b) a prostate gland in a neutered dog.
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19.2
Lateral radiograph showing generalized prostatomegaly. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.2
Lateral radiograph showing generalized prostatomegaly.
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19.3
Lateral radiograph showing dorsal prostatomegaly. There is evidence of obstipation with the colon being dorsally displaced. The lumen of the colon is narrowed. The contrast medium highlights the ventral position of the urethra within the prostate gland. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.3
Lateral radiograph showing dorsal prostatomegaly. There is evidence of obstipation with the colon being dorsally displaced. The lumen of the colon is narrowed. The contrast medium highlights the ventral position of the urethra within the prostate gland.
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19.4
(a) Lateral view of a retrograde contrast study showing reflux of contrast medium into a largely intrapelvic prostate gland and irregularity of the urethral lumen. Pallisading new bone is present on the vertebral bodies of L5, L6 and L7. The histological diagnosis was a prostatic adenocarcinoma. (b) VD view of a retrograde contrast study showing reflux of contrast medium into a largely intrapelvic prostate gland and irregularity of the urethral lumen. Pallisading new bone is present on the vertebral bodies of L5, L6 and L7. The histological diagnosis was a prostatic adenocarcinoma. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.4
(a) Lateral view of a retrograde contrast study showing reflux of contrast medium into a largely intrapelvic prostate gland and irregularity of the urethral lumen. Pallisading new bone is present on the vertebral bodies of L5, L6 and L7. The histological diagnosis was a prostatic adenocarcinoma. (b) VD view of a retrograde contrast study showing reflux of contrast medium into a largely intrapelvic prostate gland and irregularity of the urethral lumen. Pallisading new bone is present on the vertebral bodies of L5, L6 and L7. The histological diagnosis was a prostatic adenocarcinoma.
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19.5
VD radiograph showing two mineralized paraprostatic cysts within bilateral perineal hernias. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.5
VD radiograph showing two mineralized paraprostatic cysts within bilateral perineal hernias.
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19.6
(a) Sagittal and (b) transverse ultrasonograms showing the typical appearance of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Note the multiple small cysts throughout the prostatic parenchyma. The hyperechoic interface deep to the prostate gland is the descending colon. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.6
(a) Sagittal and (b) transverse ultrasonograms showing the typical appearance of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Note the multiple small cysts throughout the prostatic parenchyma. The hyperechoic interface deep to the prostate gland is the descending colon.
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19.7
Ultrasonogram of prostatitis. An irregular cyst is present dorsocranially and hyperechoic specks (likely to represent mineralization) are seen just caudal to the cyst. The prostate gland is hypoechoic with poorly defined margins. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.7
Ultrasonogram of prostatitis. An irregular cyst is present dorsocranially and hyperechoic specks (likely to represent mineralization) are seen just caudal to the cyst. The prostate gland is hypoechoic with poorly defined margins.
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19.8
Ultrasonograms of a prostatic mass. (a) An enlarged hypoechoic prostate gland with an unclear capsular margin, (b) irregularity at the trigone of the bladder and (c) haziness dorsocranially, highly suggestive of neoplasia. The histological diagnosis was a prostatic adenocarcinoma. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.8
Ultrasonograms of a prostatic mass. (a) An enlarged hypoechoic prostate gland with an unclear capsular margin, (b) irregularity at the trigone of the bladder and (c) haziness dorsocranially, highly suggestive of neoplasia. The histological diagnosis was a prostatic adenocarcinoma.
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19.9
Transverse ultrasonogram of a normal testicle. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.9
Transverse ultrasonogram of a normal testicle.
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19.10
Ultrasonogram of a focal hypoechoic testicular mass. The histological diagnosis was an interstitial cell tumour. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.10
Ultrasonogram of a focal hypoechoic testicular mass. The histological diagnosis was an interstitial cell tumour.
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19.11
Ultrasonogram of a testicular tumour. Note the large mass occupying most of the testicle. The histological diagnosis was a seminoma. © 2009 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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19.11
Ultrasonogram of a testicular tumour. Note the large mass occupying most of the testicle. The histological diagnosis was a seminoma.