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Tumours of the respiratory system and thoracic cavity
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781905319749.chap18
Tumours of the respiratory system and thoracic cavity
- Authors: B. Duncan X. Lascelles and Robert N. White
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Oncology
- Item: Chapter 18, pp 265 - 284
- DOI: 10.22233/9781905319749.18
- Copyright: © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: January 2011
Abstract
This chapter looks at tumours of the nasal planum; tumours of the nasal cavity; tumours of the larynx and trachea; tumours of the lungs; tumours of the chest wall; tumours of the heart; tumours of the thymus; mesothelioma.
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Figures
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18.3
Surgical resection of SCC of the nasal planum. (a) For superficial lesions in the cat, a margin of 0.5 cm of grossly normal tissue should be resected; for deeper lesions, a 1 cm margin of normal tissue should be resected. This should be marked out on the animal prior to cutting. (b) In both cats and dogs, the line of excision is marked out, and the affected area removed with a 360 degree incision that extends down through the skin and the underlying rostral turbinates. (c) A new nasal orifice is created using a purse-string suture, or, as in this case, reconstructing the area with simple interrupted sutures. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.3
Surgical resection of SCC of the nasal planum. (a) For superficial lesions in the cat, a margin of 0.5 cm of grossly normal tissue should be resected; for deeper lesions, a 1 cm margin of normal tissue should be resected. This should be marked out on the animal prior to cutting. (b) In both cats and dogs, the line of excision is marked out, and the affected area removed with a 360 degree incision that extends down through the skin and the underlying rostral turbinates. (c) A new nasal orifice is created using a purse-string suture, or, as in this case, reconstructing the area with simple interrupted sutures.
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18.4
Appearance of a cat (a) immediately following nosectomy for SCC and (b) 14 weeks after surgery, showing the good cosmetic result obtained. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.4
Appearance of a cat (a) immediately following nosectomy for SCC and (b) 14 weeks after surgery, showing the good cosmetic result obtained.
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18.5
Appearance of a dog (a) 2 weeks after combined resection of the nasal planum and rostral maxilla to the level of the 2nd/3rd premolar as treatment for a fibrosarcoma of the rostral nasal area and (b) 14 weeks after surgery. The site of surgery has healed, and the cosmetic appearance is acceptable, even after such radical surgery. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.5
Appearance of a dog (a) 2 weeks after combined resection of the nasal planum and rostral maxilla to the level of the 2nd/3rd premolar as treatment for a fibrosarcoma of the rostral nasal area and (b) 14 weeks after surgery. The site of surgery has healed, and the cosmetic appearance is acceptable, even after such radical surgery.
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18.6
(a) A cat with an invasive SCC of the nasal planum undergoing radical nosectomy (all of the tissue rostral to the 2nd premolar). (b) Appearance of the same cat the day after surgery. Note the crusting around the new nasal orifice. This needs to be gently cleaned for several weeks as healing progresses. This cat also had actinic changes on the tips of its ears and these were also removed. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.6
(a) A cat with an invasive SCC of the nasal planum undergoing radical nosectomy (all of the tissue rostral to the 2nd premolar). (b) Appearance of the same cat the day after surgery. Note the crusting around the new nasal orifice. This needs to be gently cleaned for several weeks as healing progresses. This cat also had actinic changes on the tips of its ears and these were also removed.
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18.8
Transverse MRI section through the skull of a dog, at the level of the eyes, showing a tumour in the left nasal cavity and invading the orbit. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.8
Transverse MRI section through the skull of a dog, at the level of the eyes, showing a tumour in the left nasal cavity and invading the orbit.
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18.9
CT scan of the mid-nose area of an 11-year-old crossbred dog with an intranasal chondroblastic osteosarcoma (arrowed). The CT enables the extent of the tumour to be defined and also allows planning for radiation therapy. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.9
CT scan of the mid-nose area of an 11-year-old crossbred dog with an intranasal chondroblastic osteosarcoma (arrowed). The CT enables the extent of the tumour to be defined and also allows planning for radiation therapy.
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18.12
Intraoral view of a laryngeal adenocarcinoma in a dog. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.12
Intraoral view of a laryngeal adenocarcinoma in a dog.
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18.13
Endoscopic view of a tracheal lymphoma in a cat. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.13
Endoscopic view of a tracheal lymphoma in a cat.
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18.14
Lateral thoracic radiograph of a cat with a tracheal chondrosarcoma. Note the discrete narrowing of the tracheal lumen at the site of the tumour. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.14
Lateral thoracic radiograph of a cat with a tracheal chondrosarcoma. Note the discrete narrowing of the tracheal lumen at the site of the tumour.
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18.15
Intraoperative view of the resection of a chondrosarcoma involving four to five rings of the proximal cervical trachea in a cat. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.15
Intraoperative view of the resection of a chondrosarcoma involving four to five rings of the proximal cervical trachea in a cat.
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18.18
Ventrodorsal and lateral thoracic radiographs of a dog with a well circumscribed mass in the left caudal lung lobe. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.18
Ventrodorsal and lateral thoracic radiographs of a dog with a well circumscribed mass in the left caudal lung lobe.
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18.19
Radiograph of the distal forelimbs, demonstrating periosteal new bone characteristic of hypertrophic osteopathy. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.19
Radiograph of the distal forelimbs, demonstrating periosteal new bone characteristic of hypertrophic osteopathy.
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18.20
(a) Axial CT scan of a dog showing multiple metastatic lung tumours. (b) Coronal CT scan of the thorax of the same dog showing a primary lung tumour and multiple metastatic lung tumours. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.20
(a) Axial CT scan of a dog showing multiple metastatic lung tumours. (b) Coronal CT scan of the thorax of the same dog showing a primary lung tumour and multiple metastatic lung tumours.
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18.21
Intraoperative use of a thoracoabdominal stapler to close the bronchus of the right caudal lung lobe in a dog prior to its excision for the management of a primary lung tumour. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.21
Intraoperative use of a thoracoabdominal stapler to close the bronchus of the right caudal lung lobe in a dog prior to its excision for the management of a primary lung tumour.
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18.22
Enlarged hilar lymph node which can be visualized following the resection of a caudal lung lobe in a dog for the management of lung neoplasia. Node enlargement may represent reactive hypertrophy or metastatic spread of the tumour. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.22
Enlarged hilar lymph node which can be visualized following the resection of a caudal lung lobe in a dog for the management of lung neoplasia. Node enlargement may represent reactive hypertrophy or metastatic spread of the tumour.
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18.25
En bloc surgical resection of a chest wall chondrosarcoma. Ideally, at least one normal rib both cranial and caudal to the mass should be removed. The tumour should not be incised during the excision surgery as this might result in neoplastic contamination of the surgical site. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.25
En bloc surgical resection of a chest wall chondrosarcoma. Ideally, at least one normal rib both cranial and caudal to the mass should be removed. The tumour should not be incised during the excision surgery as this might result in neoplastic contamination of the surgical site.
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18.28
Intraoperative view of a right atrial haemangiosarcoma in a dog. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.28
Intraoperative view of a right atrial haemangiosarcoma in a dog.
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18.30
Lateral thoracic radiograph of a dog with a cranial mediastinal mass. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.30
Lateral thoracic radiograph of a dog with a cranial mediastinal mass.
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18.31
Post-contrast axial CT scan of the thymoma within the cranial thorax of a dog. The great vessels (white) are displaced ventrally, whereas the trachea (black) has been displaced to the right side. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.31
Post-contrast axial CT scan of the thymoma within the cranial thorax of a dog. The great vessels (white) are displaced ventrally, whereas the trachea (black) has been displaced to the right side.
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18.33
Intraoperative appearance of a thymoma in a crossbred dog. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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18.33
Intraoperative appearance of a thymoma in a crossbred dog.