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Wound management, dressings and bandages
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443064.chap14
Wound management, dressings and bandages
- Authors: Clare Bryant and Dominic Phillips
- From: BSAVA Manual of Practical Veterinary Nursing
- Item: Chapter 14, pp 371 - 398
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443064.14
- Copyright: © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: January 2007
Abstract
This chapter is designed to give information on the normal wound healing process; assessment of the wound patient and wounds; types of wound and wound features; wound classification; types and methods of wound closure and open wound management; types and management of wound drains; complications of wound healing; functions and types of wound dressings, bandages, casts and splints; management of dressings, bandages and casts, and care of the patient.
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14.1
The normal wound healing process.From wounding to wound resolution, healing follows a series of characteristic phases, each playing a role in the repair and reconstruction of damaged tissues. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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14.1
The normal wound healing process.From wounding to wound resolution, healing follows a series of characteristic phases, each playing a role in the repair and reconstruction of damaged tissues.
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Local factors influencing wound healing. Establishment and maintenance of the optimal wound microenvironment is critical to promote normal wound healing. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Local factors influencing wound healing. Establishment and maintenance of the optimal wound microenvironment is critical to promote normal wound healing.
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An infected and contaminated wound. Necrotic wound edges, an irregular wound bed and a surface biofilm are significant. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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An infected and contaminated wound. Necrotic wound edges, an irregular wound bed and a surface biofilm are significant.
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14.6
Sample wound management document. The wound management process can be documented to allow the accurate and systematic tracking of wound healing, facilitating effective wound treatment from wounding to wound resolution. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Sample wound management document. The wound management process can be documented to allow the accurate and systematic tracking of wound healing, facilitating effective wound treatment from wounding to wound resolution.
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Wound closure decision making. The initial assessment of a wound is critical in determining the strategy for wound closure. The decision-making process is aimed at ensuring that the wound is free from contamination and that wound tissues are viable before wound closure is attempted. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Wound closure decision making. The initial assessment of a wound is critical in determining the strategy for wound closure. The decision-making process is aimed at ensuring that the wound is free from contamination and that wound tissues are viable before wound closure is attempted.
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14.8
Wound closure by second intention healing. (a) A healthy wound bed is established with granulation tissue. Early re-epithelialization is evident around the wound margins. (b) The wound bed of granulation tissue is reduced in size as new epithelium advances from the wound margins. (c) A small residual wound bed is surrounded by an extensive margin of new delicate epithelium. (d) A thin scab covers the remaining area of wound yet to be covered by new epithelium. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Wound closure by second intention healing. (a) A healthy wound bed is established with granulation tissue. Early re-epithelialization is evident around the wound margins. (b) The wound bed of granulation tissue is reduced in size as new epithelium advances from the wound margins. (c) A small residual wound bed is surrounded by an extensive margin of new delicate epithelium. (d) A thin scab covers the remaining area of wound yet to be covered by new epithelium.
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14.9
A wound lavage system. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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A wound lavage system.
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14.10
Pressure dressing applied over a thoracotomy wound. A light pressure dressing consisting of a Primapore dressing covered by an elasticated Tubegauz vest covers a thoracotomy site and chest drain; this protects the surgical site and chest drain and prevents the formation of dead space under the loose skin of the thorax. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Pressure dressing applied over a thoracotomy wound. A light pressure dressing consisting of a Primapore dressing covered by an elasticated Tubegauz vest covers a thoracotomy site and chest drain; this protects the surgical site and chest drain and prevents the formation of dead space under the loose skin of the thorax.
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14.11
Active drains. (a) Grenade active suction units (left) and bottle active suction units (right) use negative pressure to drain fluid from a wound. (b) Two bottle active suction units in place draining fluid from the surgical site of a large mass resection from the dorsum of a dog. (c) Wound fluid striking through a dressing. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Active drains. (a) Grenade active suction units (left) and bottle active suction units (right) use negative pressure to drain fluid from a wound. (b) Two bottle active suction units in place draining fluid from the surgical site of a large mass resection from the dorsum of a dog. (c) Wound fluid striking through a dressing.
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14.12
Examples of three different types of wound, with likely factors to be managed and suggested management. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Examples of three different types of wound, with likely factors to be managed and suggested management.
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14.16
A selection of wound dressings. Contact layer dressings come in different sizes, suitable for wounds of different sizes and patients of different sizes. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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A selection of wound dressings. Contact layer dressings come in different sizes, suitable for wounds of different sizes and patients of different sizes.
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A selection of materials used for bandaging. Examples of materials for padding, conforming and protective layers. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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A selection of materials used for bandaging. Examples of materials for padding, conforming and protective layers.
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14.19
Applying an ear and head bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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14.19
Applying an ear and head bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.20
Applying a thoracic bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying a thoracic bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.21
Applying an abdominal bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying an abdominal bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.22
Applying a Robert Jones bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying a Robert Jones bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.23
Applying a foot and lower limb bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying a foot and lower limb bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.24
Applying a Velpeau sling. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying a Velpeau sling. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.25
One method of applying an Ehmer sling. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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One method of applying an Ehmer sling. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.26
Applying a tail bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying a tail bandage. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.
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14.27
Applying wing dressings (see main text for details). (Courtesy of R Best; reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Wildlife Casualties.) © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying wing dressings (see main text for details). (Courtesy of R Best; reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Wildlife Casualties.)
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14.28
Applying a foot bandage on a bird (see main text for details). Here, a donut-ring corn dressing is being applied to a lesion on a Himalayan griffon vulture. The dressing is held in place with cohesive bandage wrapped around the foot and between the digits. (Reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Exotic Pets, 4th edition) © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Applying a foot bandage on a bird (see main text for details). Here, a donut-ring corn dressing is being applied to a lesion on a Himalayan griffon vulture. The dressing is held in place with cohesive bandage wrapped around the foot and between the digits. (Reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Exotic Pets, 4th edition)
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14.29
A selection of casting and splinting materials. Centre back: Hexalite/Vet-lite, a thermoplastic casting material; right: Dynacast, a fibreglass resin-impregnated casting and splinting material. Various pre-made splints are available, such as gutter type (left front) and complete limb splint systems (left back). © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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14.29
A selection of casting and splinting materials. Centre back: Hexalite/Vet-lite, a thermoplastic casting material; right: Dynacast, a fibreglass resin-impregnated casting and splinting material. Various pre-made splints are available, such as gutter type (left front) and complete limb splint systems (left back).
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14.31
Lister bandage scissors, designed to cut through bandage layers with the blades kept safely away from the patient’s skin. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Lister bandage scissors, designed to cut through bandage layers with the blades kept safely away from the patient’s skin.
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14.32
A fluid bag used to protect a limb/foot dressing. Cutting a section of appropriate length from a fluid bag provides a strong and waterproof ‘boot’ for a foot dressing. The fluid bag is held in place by a tie made from open-weave bandage material. © 2007 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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A fluid bag used to protect a limb/foot dressing. Cutting a section of appropriate length from a fluid bag provides a strong and waterproof ‘boot’ for a foot dressing. The fluid bag is held in place by a tie made from open-weave bandage material.