Ovaries and testes

Gawain Hammond

doi:10.22233/9781910443118.17

Ovaries and testes

British Small Animal Veterinary Association , 177 (2011); https://doi.org/10.22233/9781910443118.17

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Ovaries and testes

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Author: Gawain Hammond
From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Ultrasonography
Item: Chapter 17, pp 177 - 182
DOI: 10.22233/9781910443118.17
Copyright: © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Publication Date: January 2011

Abstract

Indications for ultrasonography of the ovaries include: derangement of the normal oestrous cycle; investigation of hormonal disorders such as diabetes mellitus and acromegaly, which may be linked to progesterone secretion during the luteal phase; investigation of an abdominal mass that may have an ovarian origin. This chapter considers the value of ultrasonography compared with radiography and computed tomography, imaging technique and normal ultrasonographic appearance in ovaries and testes.

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Figures

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17.1

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17.1 Normal left ovary located caudal to left kidney.

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17.2

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17.2 Normal left ovary in a dog. A high frequency linear array transducer was used to examine the superficially located ovary.

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17.4

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17.4 Cysts (believed to be follicular) in the ovary of a dog.

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17.5

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17.5 Granulosa cell tumour in the ovary of a dog showing (a) solid and (b) cystic components.

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17.6

Teratoma with a highly complex nature in the ovary of a dog. (a) Solid components. (b) Mineralized tissue with distal acoustic shadowing. (c) Cystic components. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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17.6 Teratoma with a highly complex nature in the ovary of a dog. (a) Solid components. (b) Mineralized tissue with distal acoustic shadowing. (c) Cystic components.

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17.7

(a) Section through the testis of a dog showing the central mediastinum. (b) Ultrasonogram of a normal testis in a dog showing the faintly hyperechoic central mediastinum and hypoechoic epididymis (arrowed) wrapping around the far side of the testis. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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17.7 (a) Section through the testis of a dog showing the central mediastinum. (b) Ultrasonogram of a normal testis in a dog showing the faintly hyperechoic central mediastinum and hypoechoic epididymis (arrowed) wrapping around the far side of the testis.

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17.8

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17.8 Intra-abdominal cryptorchid testicle. This mass can be recognized as a testicle due to the central hyperechoic mediastinum.

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17.9

Sertoli cell tumour of the testis showing heterogeneous echogenicity. Note that the tumour has caused distortion of the normal testicular architecture. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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17.9 Sertoli cell tumour of the testis showing heterogeneous echogenicity. Note that the tumour has caused distortion of the normal testicular architecture.

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17.10

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17.10 Testicular tumour obliterating the entire parenchyma.

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17.11

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17.11 Caudoventral abdominal mass identified as a Sertoli cell tumour in a retained testicle.

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17.12

Orchitis in the testicle of a dog. Note the diffusely hypoechoic testis, resulting in increased prominence of the mediastinum. Culture following castration confirmed infection with Escherichia coli. Note the hyperechoic and thickened scrotal skin in the near-field due to the associated scrotal oedema. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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17.12 Orchitis in the testicle of a dog. Note the diffusely hypoechoic testis, resulting in increased prominence of the mediastinum. Culture following castration confirmed infection with Escherichia coli. Note the hyperechoic and thickened scrotal skin in the near-field due to the associated scrotal oedema.

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17.13

Ultrasonogram of the same dog as in Figure 17.12 showing epididymitis. Note the marked enlargement of the head of the epididymis and dilatation of the epididymal duct. © 2011 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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17.13 Ultrasonogram of the same dog as in Figure 17.12 showing epididymitis. Note the marked enlargement of the head of the epididymis and dilatation of the epididymal duct.