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Normal mesentery.

This clip shows normal mesentery adjacent to the spleen in an 11-year-old mixed-breed dog. The stomach lies to the left of the image (cranially) and the spleen is superficial. The hyperechoic regions adjacent to the splenic vessels were considered to represent incidental myelolipomas.

Peritoneal effusion.

An echogenic peritoneal effusion is shown in a dog with haemoabdomen secondary to a ruptured haemangiosarcoma. The swirling echogenicity characteristically occurs with an acute haemorrhagic effusion.

Postsurgical hernia.

This clip shows dehiscence of the linea alba following enterotomy in a 6-month-old dog. At the start of the clip the fusiform bellies of the abdominal muscles are seen lying superficially, almost touching in the mid-line. As the clip progresses, this normal orderly arrangement is seen to become disrupted and the muscle bellies become widely separated.

Changes to the mesentery.

This clip shows hyperechoic mesentery adjacent to a mass associated with the pancreas in a cat with lymphosarcoma. Such changes may be associated with inflammation or with diffuse neoplastic infiltration. A section of the duodenum is seen at the top left-hand side of the image.

Enlarged abdominal lymph nodes (1).

Enlarged, rounded and hypoechoic colic lymph nodes are present in a 1-year-old cat with feline infectious peritonitis. These lymph nodes are located at the ileocolic junction.

Enlarged abdominal lymph nodes (2).

This clip shows similarly enlarged, rounded and hypoechoic hepatic and pancreaticoduodenal nodes in the same cat as in Enlarged abdominal lymph nodes (1).

Splenic thrombi.

Thrombi are seen in the splenic veins of a dog with immune-mediated haemolytic anemia. The thrombi are mildly echogenic but show most clearly as filling defects within the vessel when Power Doppler is used.

‘Smoke’ in the caudal vena cava.

The caudal vena cava in this dog runs transversely across the image. These images show echogenic ‘smoke’ within the lumen of the vessel. The dog had immune-mediated haemolytic anemia and was in a known hypercoagulable state.

Retroperitoneal effusion.

This clip demonstrates fluid within the retroperitoneal space of a 2-year-old Labrador Retriever with acute renal inflammation due to leptospirosis. The clip begins centred on the kidney itself, then moves more caudally.