Eye and eyelid surgery

Michael Fehr

doi:10.22233/9781910443163.17

British Small Animal Veterinary Association , 233 (2013); https://doi.org/10.22233/9781910443163.17

/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443163.chap17

Eye and eyelid surgery

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Author: Michael Fehr
From: BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Surgery, Dentistry and Imaging
Item: Chapter 17, pp 233 - 253
DOI: 10.22233/9781910443163.17
Copyright: © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Publication Date: January 2013

Abstract

The rabbit eye shows several anatomical differences compared to other mammals, some of which are important for surgery. This chapter details the relevant anatomy and looks at decision-making and treatment options. Operative Techniques: Corneal ulcer treatment; Correction of entropian or ectropian; Correction of eyelid dysplasia; Removal of prolapsed superficial gland of third eyelid; Pocket technique for re-placement of prolapsed gland of third eyelid; Surgical treatment of aberrant conjunctival overgrowth; Enucleation and exenteration.

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Figures

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17.1

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17.1 Anatomical structures surrounding the globe. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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17.2

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17.2 (a) Prolapse of the deep gland of the third eyelid, ‘cherry eye’. (b) Prolapse of glandular tissue after incision through the capsule.

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17.3

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17.3 Prolapsed glands of the third eyelid (right eye) and protrusion (left eye).

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17.4

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17.4 Rectus dorsalis muscle at the dorsal bulb.

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17.5

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17.5 Phacoclastic uveitis with stromal diffuse keratitis.

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17.6

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17.6 Bilateral exophthalmos due to thymoma.

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17.7

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17.7 Deep corneal ulceration.

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17.8

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17.8 (a) Congenital dermoid cyst. (b) Corneal deficit after removal of dermoid cyst. (c) End result immediately after removal.

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17.9

Eyelid dysplasia in a 2-year-old French Lop rabbit. There is an extra piece of eyelid (arrow) that lacks the normal rigidity and tends to roll in and cause discomfort and spastic entropion. A method of repair is described in Operative Technique 17.3. (Courtesy of Frances Harcourt-Brown) © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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17.9 Eyelid dysplasia in a 2-year-old French Lop rabbit. There is an extra piece of eyelid (arrow) that lacks the normal rigidity and tends to roll in and cause discomfort and spastic entropion. A method of repair is described in Operative Technique 17.3. (Courtesy of Frances Harcourt-Brown)

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17.10

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17.10 Prolapsed gland of the third eyelid, showing the close association with the retrobulbar venous plexus.

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17.11

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17.11 Aberrant conjunctival overgrowth.

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Debridement with a cotton bud. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Debridement with a cotton bud. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. Debridement with a cotton bud. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Lateral cross-sectional view of suture placement through the upper and lower eyelids. The compression forces of the knot can be reduced by an underlying button.

Lateral cross-sectional view of suture placement through the upper and lower eyelids. The compression forces of the knot can be reduced by an underlying button. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Lateral cross-sectional view of suture placement through the upper and lower eyelids. The compression forces of the knot can be reduced by an underlying button. Lateral cross-sectional view of suture placement through the upper and lower eyelids. The compression forces of the knot can be reduced by an underlying button.

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Eyelid view after placement of first suture. Knot compression is reduced by a button. Depending on the size of the eyelid and button, one or two suture/button combinations may be necessary.

Eyelid view after placement of first suture. Knot compression is reduced by a button. Depending on the size of the eyelid and button, one or two suture/button combinations may be necessary. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Eyelid view after placement of first suture. Knot compression is reduced by a button. Depending on the size of the eyelid and button, one or two suture/button combinations may be necessary. Eyelid view after placement of first suture. Knot compression is reduced by a button. Depending on the size of the eyelid and button, one or two suture/button combinations may be necessary.

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Postoperative appearance following temporary tarsorrhaphy.

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Postoperative appearance following temporary tarsorrhaphy. Postoperative appearance following temporary tarsorrhaphy.

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Entropion.

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Entropion. Entropion.

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Entropion after cleaning the eye.

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Entropion after cleaning the eye. Entropion after cleaning the eye.

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A strip of the upper lid has been excised.

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A strip of the upper lid has been excised. A strip of the upper lid has been excised.

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After wound closure following excision of strips from upper and lower lids.

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After wound closure following excision of strips from upper and lower lids. After wound closure following excision of strips from upper and lower lids.

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Dysplasia of the upper lid of the right eye (the ear is to the left, the nose to the right). The region of dysplastic lid can sometimes be described as entropion. However, this effect is due to lack of support where there is no cartilage in this region. The condition is typified by the abrupt demarcation between normal and abnormal eyelid.

Dysplasia of the upper lid of the right eye (the ear is to the left, the nose to the right). The region of dysplastic lid can sometimes be described as entropion. However, this effect is due to lack of support where there is no cartilage in this region. The condition is typified by the abrupt demarcation between normal and abnormal eyelid. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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Dysplasia of the upper lid of the right eye (the ear is to the left, the nose to the right). The region of dysplastic lid can sometimes be described as entropion. However, this effect is due to lack of support where there is no cartilage in this region. The condition is typified by the abrupt demarcation between normal and abnormal eyelid. Dysplasia of the upper lid of the right eye (the ear is to the left, the nose to the right). The region of dysplastic lid can sometimes be described as entropion. However, this effect is due to lack of support where there is no cartilage in this region. The condition is typified by the abrupt demarcation between normal and abnormal eyelid.

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Appearance immediately following routine closure of the skin wounds.

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Appearance immediately following routine closure of the skin wounds. Appearance immediately following routine closure of the skin wounds.

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Prior to surgery the prolapsed gland can be seen as a pale fleshy structure displacing the third eyelid.

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Prior to surgery the prolapsed gland can be seen as a pale fleshy structure displacing the third eyelid. Prior to surgery the prolapsed gland can be seen as a pale fleshy structure displacing the third eyelid.

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Appearance of the eye on the day after surgery.

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Appearance of the eye on the day after surgery. Appearance of the eye on the day after surgery.

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Appearance of the eye 10 days after surgery.

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Appearance of the eye 10 days after surgery. Appearance of the eye 10 days after surgery.

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Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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End result after re-placement of the gland.

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End result after re-placement of the gland. End result after re-placement of the gland.

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Aberrant conjunctival overgrowth before surgery. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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Aberrant conjunctival overgrowth before surgery. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission. Aberrant conjunctival overgrowth before surgery. Drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and reproduced with her permission.

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