Tooth extraction

Will Easson

doi:10.22233/9781910443163.27

Tooth extraction

British Small Animal Veterinary Association , 370 (2013); https://doi.org/10.22233/9781910443163.27

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Tooth extraction

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Author: Will Easson
From: BSAVA Manual of Rabbit Surgery, Dentistry and Imaging
Item: Chapter 27, pp 370 - 381
DOI: 10.22233/9781910443163.27
Copyright: © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Publication Date: January 2013

Abstract

Tooth extractions in rabbits, compared with that in dogs and cats, is complicated by the anatomy of the mouth. The lips do not retract caudally nearly as far as in carnivores, so it is difficult to see all the surfaces of the teeth. This chapter considers the relevant anatomy; indications for extraction; instruments for tooth extraction; incisor extraction; cheek tooth extraction; and complications. Operative Technique: Incisor extraction; Cheek tooth extraction: intraoral approach; Cheek tooth extraction: mandibular extraoral approach.

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27.1

Access to the incisors is relatively straightforward, but access to the cheek teeth in rabbits can be a challenge for both visualization and access. These incisors show various stages of the progressive syndrome of acquired dental disease (PSADD; see Chapter 24). One crown has fractured beneath the gingiva, one is growing in a distorted shape and the others have stopped growing. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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27.1 Access to the incisors is relatively straightforward, but access to the cheek teeth in rabbits can be a challenge for both visualization and access. These incisors show various stages of the progressive syndrome of acquired dental disease (PSADD; see Chapter 24). One crown has fractured beneath the gingiva, one is growing in a distorted shape and the others have stopped growing.

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27.3

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27.3 Malocclusion in rabbits can result in repeated overgrowth of the incisors, and extraction is indicated.

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27.4

In this rabbit, the upper left premolar has tilted obliquely sufficiently to grow out laterally, causing regular trauma to the buccal mucosa. These teeth often become mobile, increasing the discomfort; there is evidence of occlusion with its mandibular counterpart on the tooth’s palatal aspect. This tooth was extracted intraorally. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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27.4 In this rabbit, the upper left premolar has tilted obliquely sufficiently to grow out laterally, causing regular trauma to the buccal mucosa. These teeth often become mobile, increasing the discomfort; there is evidence of occlusion with its mandibular counterpart on the tooth’s palatal aspect. This tooth was extracted intraorally.

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27.5

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27.5 In this rabbit the last cheek tooth is tilted distally. It is contacting the mucosa at the back of the mouth, and should be removed.

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27.6

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27.6 Wooden tongue depressors, metal rodent dental spatula, and various sizes and designs of molar luxators.

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27.7

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27.7 Crossley molar luxator.

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27.8

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27.8 Crossley molar forceps.

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The patient is in lateral recumbency, with its head restrained manually by the surgeon, facilitating achievement of the angles necessary to sever the periodontal ligament.

The patient is in lateral recumbency, with its head restrained manually by the surgeon, facilitating achievement of the angles necessary to sever the periodontal ligament. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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The patient is in lateral recumbency, with its head restrained manually by the surgeon, facilitating achievement of the angles necessary to sever the periodontal ligament. The patient is in lateral recumbency, with its head restrained manually by the surgeon, facilitating achievement of the angles necessary to sever the periodontal ligament.

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Correct angle of extraction is vital for success. Pulling along the curvature of the long axis of the tooth is necessary.

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Correct angle of extraction is vital for success. Pulling along the curvature of the long axis of the tooth is necessary. Correct angle of extraction is vital for success. Pulling along the curvature of the long axis of the tooth is necessary.

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There is no germinal tissue at the end of this extracted tooth.

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There is no germinal tissue at the end of this extracted tooth. There is no germinal tissue at the end of this extracted tooth.

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Curetting the socket.

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Curetting the socket. Curetting the socket.

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Crosley molar luxator tip.

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Crosley molar luxator tip. Crosley molar luxator tip.

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Bent needle.

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Bent needle. Bent needle.

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While the clinical and reserve crowns are perpendicular to the jaw bone in the mandible, the maxillary teeth are angled mesially, and this needs to be taken into account when severing the periodontal ligaments.

While the clinical and reserve crowns are perpendicular to the jaw bone in the mandible, the maxillary teeth are angled mesially, and this needs to be taken into account when severing the periodontal ligaments. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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While the clinical and reserve crowns are perpendicular to the jaw bone in the mandible, the maxillary teeth are angled mesially, and this needs to be taken into account when severing the periodontal ligaments. While the clinical and reserve crowns are perpendicular to the jaw bone in the mandible, the maxillary teeth are angled mesially, and this needs to be taken into account when severing the periodontal ligaments.

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The ventral aspect of the mandible has been clipped and scrubbed. (Rostral is to the left of the picture; caudal to the right.)

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The ventral aspect of the mandible has been clipped and scrubbed. (Rostral is to the left of the picture; caudal to the right.) The ventral aspect of the mandible has been clipped and scrubbed. (Rostral is to the left of the picture; caudal to the right.)

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