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Triage of the emergency patient
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Triage of the emergency patient
- Authors: Andrew J. Brown and Kenneth J. Drobatz
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Emergency and Critical Care
- Item: Chapter 1, pp 1 - 7
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443262.1
- Copyright: © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: March 2018
Abstract
This chapter covers all of the vital stages of emergency evaluation in the critically ill patient: telephone triage; waiting room triage; primary survey and initial treatment; and secondary survey and the emergency plan. The chapter highlights methods for blood sampling and analysis, acid-base and electrolyte monitoring and cage-side ultrasonography.
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Figures
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1.1
Following triage evaluation, unstable patients are taken to the treatment area for initial assessment. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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1.1
Following triage evaluation, unstable patients are taken to the treatment area for initial assessment.
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1.2
Critically ill animals have little physiological reserve to tolerate physical examination or medical intervention. Allow dyspnoeic animals to stabilize in oxygen before performing diagnostics and, above all, do no harm. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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1.2
Critically ill animals have little physiological reserve to tolerate physical examination or medical intervention. Allow dyspnoeic animals to stabilize in oxygen before performing diagnostics and, above all, do no harm.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443262.chap1.ch1fig3
1.3
Intravenous access must be established as quickly as possible in the critical emergency patient. Short over-the-needle catheters (top) placed in peripheral veins are best, as the flow rate is optimal in a short wide-bore catheter. Long through-the-needle catheters (bottom) placed in central veins are ideal for longer periods of hospitalization. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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1.3
Intravenous access must be established as quickly as possible in the critical emergency patient. Short over-the-needle catheters (top) placed in peripheral veins are best, as the flow rate is optimal in a short wide-bore catheter. Long through-the-needle catheters (bottom) placed in central veins are ideal for longer periods of hospitalization.
/content/figure/10.22233/9781910443262.chap1.ch1fig4
1.4
Blood samples for the emergency database can be obtained by filling a microhaematocrit tube from the hub of a 25 G needle placed in a peripheral blood vessel, in this case the cephalic vein. © 2018 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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1.4
Blood samples for the emergency database can be obtained by filling a microhaematocrit tube from the hub of a 25 G needle placed in a peripheral blood vessel, in this case the cephalic vein.