The management of long bone fractures using casts and splints pre-dates other means of repair. With appropriate case selection, the results achieved by rigid bandaging, otherwise known as external coaptation, can be excellent. However, it should be appreciated that, with the advent of more sophisticated fixation techniques, optimal fracture management is now likely to involve primary coaptation. This chapter looks at cast biomechanics, indications for casting, cast construction, cast maintenance, cast removal, complications, splinted bandages, other bandages, external coaptation in fractures of the skull and spine, non-surgical management without support.