Disorders of vasopressin production

Robert E. Shiel

doi:10.22233/9781905319893.3

British Small Animal Veterinary Association , 15 (2012); https://doi.org/10.22233/9781905319893.3

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Disorders of vasopressin production

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Author: Robert E. Shiel
From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Endocrinology
Item: Chapter 3, pp 15 - 27
DOI: 10.22233/9781905319893.3
Copyright: © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Publication Date: January 2012

Abstract

PLEASE NOTE. THE NEW 5TH EDITION OF THE BSAVA MANUAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY IS NOW AVAILABLE HERE.

This chapter focuses on primary disorders of vasopressin production but, as primary polydipsia is closely related, a brief description is included.

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Figures

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3.1

Relations between plasma osmolality (pOsm), plasma arginine vasopressin concentration (PAVP), urine osmolality (UOsm) and urine volume (U Volume/24 h). (a) Small changes in plasma osmolality are associated with relatively large increases in plasma AVP concentration. (b) Urine osmolality is increased proportional to the plasma AVP concentration, until maximal urine concentrating ability is reached (plateau). The height of this plateau is dependent upon the renal medullary concentration gradient. (c) Urine volume rapidly decreases in response to increases in plasma AVP concentration. The shaded area represents the reference interval for PAVP in healthy dogs. (Reproduced from Robinson and Verbalis (2008) with permission from the publisher. © Elsevier) © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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3.1 Relations between plasma osmolality (pOsm), plasma arginine vasopressin concentration (PAVP), urine osmolality (UOsm) and urine volume (U Volume/24 h). (a) Small changes in plasma osmolality are associated with relatively large increases in plasma AVP concentration. (b) Urine osmolality is increased proportional to the plasma AVP concentration, until maximal urine concentrating ability is reached (plateau). The height of this plateau is dependent upon the renal medullary concentration gradient. (c) Urine volume rapidly decreases in response to increases in plasma AVP concentration. The shaded area represents the reference interval for PAVP in healthy dogs. (Reproduced from Robinson and Verbalis (2008) with permission from the publisher. © Elsevier)

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3.4

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3.4 Modified water deprivation test.

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3.5

T2-weighted MRI saggital (a) and transverse (b) images from a 4-year-old male Golden Retriever with marked PU/PD. A 2 cm mass was visible in the sella turcica with a hyperintense rim and extension into the brain stem and displacement of the third ventricle dorsally. Modified water deprivation testing and response to desmopressin was consistent with central diabetes insipidus. Post-mortem examination confirmed a pituitary carcinoma with dorsal extension and associated compression of the hypothalamus. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association

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3.5 T2-weighted MRI saggital (a) and transverse (b) images from a 4-year-old male Golden Retriever with marked PU/PD. A 2 cm mass was visible in the sella turcica with a hyperintense rim and extension into the brain stem and displacement of the third ventricle dorsally. Modified water deprivation testing and response to desmopressin was consistent with central diabetes insipidus. Post-mortem examination confirmed a pituitary carcinoma with dorsal extension and associated compression of the hypothalamus.