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Canine hypothyroidism
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781905319893.chap8
Canine hypothyroidism
- Authors: Carmel T. Mooney and Robert E. Shiel
- From: BSAVA Manual of Canine and Feline Endocrinology
- Item: Chapter 8, pp 63 - 85
- DOI: 10.22233/9781905319893.8
-
Copyright:
- Publication Date: January 2012
Abstract
PLEASE NOTE. THE NEW 5TH EDITION OF THE BSAVA MANUAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY IS NOW AVAILABLE HERE.
This chapter discusses canine hypothyroidism and its clinical features; it is considered a common endocrine disorder of dogs, yet its true prevalence is largely unknown. Recently, many of the challenges of diagnosis have been recognized and new tests have been developed. As a result, understanding of the type of dog affected, knowledge of the associated and common clinical features, and appreciation of the most suitable tests to select have dramatically changed and improved.
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Figures
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8.1
Thyroid gland histology. (a) Healthy canine thyroid tissue. (b) Lymphocytic thyroiditis. Note the inflammatory component replacing normal thyroid tissue. H&E stain. (c) Idiopathic thyroid atrophy. Note the loss of normal thyroid parenchyma but without an inflammatory component. H&E stain. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.1
Thyroid gland histology. (a) Healthy canine thyroid tissue. (b) Lymphocytic thyroiditis. Note the inflammatory component replacing normal thyroid tissue. H&E stain. (c) Idiopathic thyroid atrophy. Note the loss of normal thyroid parenchyma but without an inflammatory component. H&E stain.
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8.3
A 5-month-old male German Shepherd Dog with disproportionate dwarfism as a consequence of congenital hypothyroidism. Note the short legs, broad trunk and wide skull. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.3
A 5-month-old male German Shepherd Dog with disproportionate dwarfism as a consequence of congenital hypothyroidism. Note the short legs, broad trunk and wide skull.
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8.5
The hair loss of hypothyroidism typically begins in areas of friction such as (a) the neck in dogs that wear collars and (b) the tail (‘rat tail’). © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.5
The hair loss of hypothyroidism typically begins in areas of friction such as (a) the neck in dogs that wear collars and (b) the tail (‘rat tail’).
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8.6
Truncal alopecia with hyperpigmentation in a hypothyroid dog. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.6
Truncal alopecia with hyperpigmentation in a hypothyroid dog.
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8.7
Nasal alopecia in a hypothyroid dog. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.7
Nasal alopecia in a hypothyroid dog.
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8.8
Tragic facial expression associated with hypothyroidism. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.8
Tragic facial expression associated with hypothyroidism.
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8.9
Excess wear of middle digits in the foreleg of a dog with hypothyroidism, presumably as a result of lower motor neuron disease. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.9
Excess wear of middle digits in the foreleg of a dog with hypothyroidism, presumably as a result of lower motor neuron disease.
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8.10
Corneal lipidosis associated with hypothyroidism. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.10
Corneal lipidosis associated with hypothyroidism.
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8.11
Schematic representation of the steps for diagnosing hypothyroidism. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.11
Schematic representation of the steps for diagnosing hypothyroidism.
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8.13
Control of thyroid function. TRH = thyrotropin-releasing hormone; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone; T3 = triiodothyronine;
= stimulation;
= inhibition. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
= stimulation;
= inhibition. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association10.22233/9781905319893/fig8_13_thumb.gif
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8.13
Control of thyroid function. TRH = thyrotropin-releasing hormone; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone; T3 = triiodothyronine;
= stimulation;
= inhibition.
= stimulation;
= inhibition.
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8.21
Lateral lumbar spinal radiograph in a dog with disproportionate dwarfism associated with congenital hypothyroidism. Note the shortened vertebral bodies with scalloped ventral borders. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.21
Lateral lumbar spinal radiograph in a dog with disproportionate dwarfism associated with congenital hypothyroidism. Note the shortened vertebral bodies with scalloped ventral borders.
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8.22
Cross-sectional ultrasonogram of the thyroid gland from a euthyroid dog (triangular shape, homogeneous and hyperechoic compared to adjacent muscle). © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.22
Cross-sectional ultrasonogram of the thyroid gland from a euthyroid dog (triangular shape, homogeneous and hyperechoic compared to adjacent muscle).
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8.23
Thyroid scintigraphy images in (a) euthyroidism and (b) hypothyroidism. Thyroidal uptake measurements were 0.5% and 0.05% (reference interval 0.39–1.86%). © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.23
Thyroid scintigraphy images in (a) euthyroidism and (b) hypothyroidism. Thyroidal uptake measurements were 0.5% and 0.05% (reference interval 0.39–1.86%).
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8.24
Schematic representation of steps in the use of a therapeutic trial for diagnosing hypothyroidism. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.24
Schematic representation of steps in the use of a therapeutic trial for diagnosing hypothyroidism.
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8.25
Appearance of a dog with hypothyroidism before (a) and after (b) thyroid hormone replacement therapy. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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8.25
Appearance of a dog with hypothyroidism before (a) and after (b) thyroid hormone replacement therapy.