This chapter is designed to give information on; the history of the dog and its role in society; how a client should select a suitable dog; different dog breeds; preparing for the arrival of a new dog; general dog care by the owner; routine veterinary care of dogs; breeding from a dog; dog behaviour and training. There are many points to consider when choosing a dog and clients will often seek the advice of veterinary staff to help them in making an informed decision. It is important for veterinary staff and the new dog owner to understand a dog's body language so that behaviour can be modified appropriately, and dangerous situations avoided.