For a veterinary surgeon the treatment of the single pet passerine bird raises many fascinating challenges, especially with diagnosis and therapy. Although the treatment of these birds is unlikely to have a serious impact on a practice’s time or economics, it is important to appreciate the emotional value of these birds to their owners. This chapter discusses clinical history and examination; stabilization of a sick passerine bird; diagnostic procedures; therapeutics; common surgical procedures; diseases of the respiratory tract; and nutritional diseases.