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Clinical pathology and post-mortem examination
/content/chapter/10.22233/9781910443101.chap9
Clinical pathology and post-mortem examination
- Author: Gerry M. Dorrestein
- From: BSAVA Manual of Raptors, Pigeons and Passerine Birds
- Item: Chapter 9, pp 73 - 96
- DOI: 10.22233/9781910443101.9
- Copyright: © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
- Publication Date: January 2008
Abstract
When a live bird is presented for euthanasia and post-mortem examination it is a good habit to collect as much blood as possible from the right jugular vein: this will provide haematological and biochemical values in addition to the necropsy findings. This chapter evaluates haematology, cytology, microscopic evaluation, microbiological culture, diagnostic tests for infectious diseases, tests for specific conditions in raptors and post-mortem examination.
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Figures
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9.4
Blood cell morphology: (a) red blood cells; (b) heterophil; (c) lymphocyte; (d) monocyte; (e) eosinophil; (f) thrombocytes. (Diff-Quik, original magnification X1000) (© John Chitty) © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Blood cell morphology: (a) red blood cells; (b) heterophil; (c) lymphocyte; (d) monocyte; (e) eosinophil; (f) thrombocytes. (Diff-Quik, original magnification X1000) (© John Chitty)
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9.5
Gouldian finch with yeast-related enteropathy: (a) wet mount; (b) stained with Hemacolor®. Arrows point to bacteria; arrowheads point to yeasts. (Original magnification: (a) X40; (b) X100) © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Gouldian finch with yeast-related enteropathy: (a) wet mount; (b) stained with Hemacolor®. Arrows point to bacteria; arrowheads point to yeasts. (Original magnification: (a) X40; (b) X100)
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Growth of Escherichia coli) on blood agar and selective brilliant green phenol agar. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Growth of Escherichia coli) on blood agar and selective brilliant green phenol agar.
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9.7
Aspergillus fumigatus:
(a) conidia on conidiophores in wet mount; (b) growth on malt agar after 48 hours. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Aspergillus fumigatus:
(a) conidia on conidiophores in wet mount; (b) growth on malt agar after 48 hours.
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9.8
Enlarged bursa of Fabricius (arrowed) in a Canary with polyomavirus. (Courtesy of Peter Coutteel) © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Enlarged bursa of Fabricius (arrowed) in a Canary with polyomavirus. (Courtesy of Peter Coutteel)
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9.10
Lay-out material and instruments for a PME: (1) two scalpel blades and handles; (2) one pair anatomical and one pair surgical forceps and two pair scissors; (3) bone-cutting forceps; (4) containers with 10% buffered formalin; (5) saline with pipette for wet mounts; (6) clean marked glass slides for cytology and wet mounts (parasitology); (7) burner for heating and sterilizing a scalpel blade and wire loop for culturing; (8) culture media for bacteriology and mycology; (9) wire loops for microbiological sampling; (10) container with disinfectant for the instruments; (11) aluminium foil plates for holding small organs or tissues; (12) waterproof marker; (13) preprinted labels; (14) copy of PME work-form and checklist; (15) paper towels for cleaning in between; (16) ruler. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Lay-out material and instruments for a PME: (1) two scalpel blades and handles; (2) one pair anatomical and one pair surgical forceps and two pair scissors; (3) bone-cutting forceps; (4) containers with 10% buffered formalin; (5) saline with pipette for wet mounts; (6) clean marked glass slides for cytology and wet mounts (parasitology); (7) burner for heating and sterilizing a scalpel blade and wire loop for culturing; (8) culture media for bacteriology and mycology; (9) wire loops for microbiological sampling; (10) container with disinfectant for the instruments; (11) aluminium foil plates for holding small organs or tissues; (12) waterproof marker; (13) preprinted labels; (14) copy of PME work-form and checklist; (15) paper towels for cleaning in between; (16) ruler.
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9.15
Haemorrhages in the gizzard of a falcon. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Haemorrhages in the gizzard of a falcon.
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Amyloidosis and hydrops ascites in a Gyrfalcon × Lanner falcon: (a) liver amyloidosis and hydrops in situ. (b) spleen amyloidosis; (c) lungs with severe oedema (d) kidney amyloidosis. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Amyloidosis and hydrops ascites in a Gyrfalcon × Lanner falcon: (a) liver amyloidosis and hydrops in situ. (b) spleen amyloidosis; (c) lungs with severe oedema (d) kidney amyloidosis.
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9.17
(a) Mycotic air sacculitis in situ due to aspergillosis in a Capuchinbird. (b) Subacute air sac aspergillosis in a Goshawk. (c) Subchronic air sac aspergillosis in a Goshawk. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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(a) Mycotic air sacculitis in situ due to aspergillosis in a Capuchinbird. (b) Subacute air sac aspergillosis in a Goshawk. (c) Subchronic air sac aspergillosis in a Goshawk.
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Deposition of uric acid crystals in the pericardium of a White Bellbird. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Deposition of uric acid crystals in the pericardium of a White Bellbird.
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Splenomegaly with necrotic foci in a Canary with subacute pseudo-tuberculosis. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Splenomegaly with necrotic foci in a Canary with subacute pseudo-tuberculosis.
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Liver with necrotic foci in situ in Canary with subacute pseudo-tuberculosis. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Liver with necrotic foci in situ in Canary with subacute pseudo-tuberculosis.
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Haemoproteus in a blood smear from a Buzzard. Hemacolor®; original magnification X100. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Haemoproteus in a blood smear from a Buzzard. Hemacolor®; original magnification X100.
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Mycotic processes (arrowed) in the lungs of a Capuchinbird with subacute aspergillosis. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Mycotic processes (arrowed) in the lungs of a Capuchinbird with subacute aspergillosis.
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Gizzard with green koilin layer due to reflux of bile. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Gizzard with green koilin layer due to reflux of bile.
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9.32
Duodenum with pancreas (P). © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Duodenum with pancreas (P).
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Candidiasis in a Gouldian finch. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Candidiasis in a Gouldian finch.
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Trichomoniasis. (a) Gross lesion in a Bengalese finch. (b)
Trichomonas columbae in a crop smear from a pigeon. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Trichomoniasis. (a) Gross lesion in a Bengalese finch. (b)
Trichomonas columbae in a crop smear from a pigeon.
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9.35
Tetrameres fissipina in a Wood Pigeon: (a) proventriculus – serosal side. (b) proventriculus – mucosal side; (c) worm egg (50–58 × 22–29 μm) in faecal sample. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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Tetrameres fissipina in a Wood Pigeon: (a) proventriculus – serosal side. (b) proventriculus – mucosal side; (c) worm egg (50–58 × 22–29 μm) in faecal sample.
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PME report form and checklist. © 2008 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
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PME report form and checklist.