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Endoscopy and minimally invasive surgery have developed rapidly over the past 5 years. This chapter highlights some of the evolving trends and potential future developments in the field. The chapter contains 15 video clips.
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Transvaginal approach to the abdomen with flexible endoscope.
Transvaginal ovariectomy in a dog.
Transvaginal ovariectomy in a dog with optical trocar.
Transvaginal ovariohysterectomy in a dog.
Transvaginal ovariectomy in a cat using a diode laser.
Dog one year after transgastric laparoscopy.
Closure of the transgastric laparocentesis site using an over-the-top technique.
Transgastric ovariectomy in a dog
Transgastric cholecystectomy in a dog.
Transgastric gastropexy in a dog (case 1).
Transgastric gastropexy in a dog (case 2).
Transanal laparoscopy in a dog.
Peroral thoracoscopy in a cat.
Transvaginal ovariohysterectomy in a dog using a hybrid NOTES procedure.
Transgastric approach to the abdominal cavity in a dog using a hybrid NOTES procedure.