16.8Right lateral radiographs of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of a common boa. (a) 1 = Trachea; 2 = Heart; 3 = Lung; 4 = Spine and ribs. (b) X = Air sac. (Reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Reptiles, 2nd edition.)
16.11Right lateral radiograph of LRI disease in a Burmese python. X = Loculated pockets of exudates in the air sac. (Reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Reptiles, 2nd edition.)
16.12(a) Right lateral radiograph of a juvenile corn snake with an intussusception at the ileocolic junction (1) secondary to nematodiasis. Barium was administered in a retrograde fashion via the cloaca (2) and only a scant amount advanced beyond the obstruction. (Reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Reptiles, 2nd edition.) (b) Necropsy, demonstrating telescoping of the ileum (1) into colon (2).
16.13Echocardiogram (B-mode, right long-axis view) of a normal indigo snake. AO = Right aorta; PA = Pulmonary artery; PVC = Posterior vena cava; RA = Right atrium; VC = Ventricular chamber.
16.15Cloacoscopy demonstrating appearance of coprodeum and junction with rectum in a green tree python after reduction of a prolapsed cloaca. Inflammatory debris is visible at the 10 o’clock position.
16.21(a) Fungal dermatitis in an Asian ratsnake with CANV infection. (b) The section of skin has an overlying crust of cell debris, keratin and serum, supporting fungal hyphae (arrowheads). H&E stain; original magnification x40. (Courtesy of D. Reavill.)
16.23(a) Embryonated Kalicephalus ovum from an Asian ratsnake (b) Trematode fluke egg from an Asian ratsnake Note the single operculum. (c)Isospora oocysts from a green trinket snake.
16.24DV radiograph of the skull of a boa constrictor with osteomyelitis of the rostral aspect of the left maxilla. Note the osteolysis and associated soft tissue swelling.
16.25Right lateral radiograph of a constipated Burmese python that had been maintained at suboptimal temperatures. (Reproduced from BSAVA Manual of Reptiles, 2nd edition.)
16.27(a) Hypopyon and cellulitis in a green tree python. Note the opaque appearance of the spectacle. (b) Flushing of subspectacular space with sterile saline in an anaesthetized green tree python.
16.32(a) Subcutaneous mass on a trinket snake. (b) Cytology of a needle aspirate demonstrating lymphoblasts. New methylene blue stain; original magnification x100 with oil immersion.
16.33Intubated garter snake, connected to a mechanical ventilator which is utilizing isoflurane and oxygen. Note the circulating warm water pad beneath the snake.
16.34(a) A carbon dioxide laser has been used to incise the skin, muscle and oviduct to expose the retained eggs in a 100 flower ratsnake. Note the absence of haemorrhage when using the laser. (b) An exposed egg is gently lifted from the oviduct.
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