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Lidocaine (Lignocaine)
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This is a drug monograph from the BSAVA Small Animal Formulary Part B: Exotic Pets. BSAVA members should login for access to the full monograph. Non-members can join BSAVA, buy a Formulary subscription, or buy the printed edition.
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Schnellbacher RW, Carpenter JW, Mason DE, KuKanich B, Beaufrère H and Boysen C (2013) Effects of lidocaine administration via continuous rate infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in New Zealand White rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ). American Journal of Veterinary Research 74(11), 1377–1384
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b Schnellbacher RW, Divers SJ, Comolli JR et al. (2017) Effects of intravenous administration of lidocaine and buprenorphine on gastrointestinal tract motility and signs of pain in New Zealand White rabbits after ovariohysterectomy. American Journal of Veterinary Research 78(12), 1359–1371
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da Cunha AF ,Strain GM ,Rademacher N ,Schellbacher R andTully TM (2013)Palpation and ultrasound-guided brachial plexus blockade in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots ( Amazona ventralis ). Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 40( 1 ),96–102
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d Ferreira TH and Mans C (2019) Evaluation of neuraxial anesthesia in bearded dragons ( Pogona vitticeps ). Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 46(1), 126–134
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e Mans C (2014) Clinical technique: Intrathecal drug administration in turtles and tortoises. Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 23(1), 67–70
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1 Chatigny F, Kamunde C, Creighton CM and Stevens ED (2017) Uses and doses of local anesthetics in fish, amphibians, and reptiles. Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 56(3), 244–253
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Antończyk A, Liszka B, Skrzypczak P and Kiełbowicz Z (2019). Comparison of analgesia provided by lidocaine or morphine delivered epidurally in rabbits undergoing hindlimb orthopedic surgery. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ,22(1), 31-35
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Fink DM, Ferreira TH and Mans C (2022) Neuraxial administration of morphine combined with lidocaine induces regional antinociception in inland bearded dragons ( Pogona vitticeps ). American Journal of Veterinary Research 83(3),212-217
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Harms CA (1999) Anesthesia in Fish. In: Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine: Current Therapy 4. Ed. ME Fowler and RE Miller. WB Saunders Co., Philadelphia
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Khamisabadi A, Kazemi-Darabadi S and Akbari G (2021). Comparison of anesthetic efficacy of lidocaine and bupivacaine in Spinal anesthesia in chickens. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery , 35 (1), 60-67.
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Oglesbee BL and Lord B (2020) Gastrointestinal Diseases of Rabbits. In: Ferrets, Rabbits, and Rodents 4th Edition. Elsevier pp 174–187.
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Schroeder PG and Sneddon LU (2017) Exploring the efficacy of immersion analgesics in zebrafish using an integrative approach. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 187187, 93-102
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Williams CJ, Alstrup AK, Bertelsen MF, Jensen HM, Leite CA and Wang T (2017) When local anesthesia becomes universal: pronounced systemic effects of subcutaneous lidocaine in bullfrogs ( Lithobates catesbeianus ). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 209, 41–46